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Recognize the Causes of Short Breath

Shortness of breath or also called dyspnea is a condition in which a person has difficulty breathing. Feelings such as choking and tightness in the chest can be caused by several things, such as disorders of the heart and lungs or heavy physical activity. As mentioned above, shortness of breath can occur due to problems with heart or lung health. Because the lungs and heart are organs that function to release carbon dioxide and distribute oxygen to your body's tissues. If there is interference with the organ, then you can feel shortness of breath.

Shortness of Breath Caused by Heart Problems

Here are some heart problems that can cause shortness of breath:

  • Heart disease

    • Whatever conditions affect the heart and its ability to pump blood, it can cause shortness of breath. Usually, shortness of breath due to heart disease can be accompanied by chest pain.

  • Heart failure

    • Heart failure occurs when the heart is swollen and is unable to pump blood throughout the body normally. As a result, the body's cells also do not get the supply of oxygen and nutrients needed. Symptoms of heart failure can be, shortness of breath, especially after activity or lying down, the body is easily tired, swollen, to coughing.

  • Arrhythmia

    • Shortness of breath can also be a sign of arrhythmia, which is a problem in heart rhythm. Arrhythmia occurs when the electrical activity that regulates the heartbeat does not function properly so that the heart beats too fast, too slowly, or irregularly. This condition can inhibit the smooth supply of blood throughout the body.

  • Heart valve disease

    • The heart has four valves that allow blood to flow in the right direction. In some cases, one or more valves do not open or close properly. As a result, the system of blood flow to and from the heart becomes disrupted.

  • Cardiomyopathy

    • Cardiomyopathy or heart muscle abnormalities are conditions in which the heart muscle becomes dilated, thickened, or stiff. This disease can affect the heart's ability to pump blood throughout the body. Shortness of breath is one symptom of this disease.

Shortness of Breath Caused by Lung Disorders

In addition to heart problems, shortness of breath can also be caused by several lung disorders, for example:

  • Asthma

    • Shortness of breath can also be experienced by people with asthma. When recurrence, this disease causes narrowed airways accompanied by the formation of excess mucus in the airway. This causes asthma sufferers difficulty breathing, coughing, and wheezing.

  • Pneumonia

    • Pneumonia, which can attack one or both lungs, is caused by a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection. This condition makes the lung tissue inflamed, and there is a buildup of mucus or pus. Symptoms of this disease can include shortness of breath, fever, and cough.

  • Pulmonary edema

    • Shortness of breath can also be a sign that you have pulmonary edema, a condition caused by excess fluid in the lungs. This fluid collects in the air sacs in the lungs making it difficult for sufferers to breathe.

  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

    • COPD is a lung disease that can also cause shortness of breath. This happens because the lungs are permanently damaged and cannot work as they should.

  • Pneumothorax

    • Pneumothorax is a condition that occurs when excess air enters the pleural space, the cavity between the chest wall and the lungs. When the air pressure in the pleural space increases, the lungs will be difficult to expand. As a result, you can feel chest pain and shortness of breath.
In addition to the various diseases above, shortness of breath can also be caused by anemia, acidosis, pregnancy, panic attacks, being overweight, or after doing strenuous physical activity. Given that shortness of breath can be caused by many causes, then these symptoms need to be consulted by a doctor. If you or your relatives experience shortness of breath suddenly and do not improve for some time, immediately take it to the emergency department at the nearest hospital.

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